Abiha gukoresha abana imirimo ivunanye baraburirwa
Mu Rwanda imirimo ivunanye ikoreshwa abana bigaragara ko ikorwa kenshi n’abitwa abakozi bo mu rugo by’umwihariko abana b’abakobwa aho usanga bamwe na bamwe batagejeje imyaka y’ubukure ibemerera gutangira umurimo bityo akaba ari ukubavutsa uburenganzira bwabo.
Mu bushakashatsi bwa Komisiyo y’igihugu y’ uburenganzira bwa muntu, bwasohotse muri Gicurasi, 2020 bwagaragaje ko impamvu za mbere abana bakoreshwa imirimo ivunanye ahanini biterwa n’ubukene butuma bajya gushaka aho bakora bikarangira bagiye mu mirimo itajyanye n’Ikigero barimo.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bana 421 mu turere 11 aho wasangaga abenshi bari mu cyiciro cya mbere n’icyakabiri cy’ubudehe.
Muri 421 bakozweho ubushakashatsi abarenga 90% bakora imirimo yo mu rugo bahembwa, umubare munini wabo akaba ari abakobwa.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko mu bana bakoreshwa imirimo yo mu rugo batagejeje igihe, 98% ni abakobwa muri bo abahembwa bakaba 72% abandi baba bakora mu miryango aho byitwa gufasha ababyeyi.
Akomeza avuga ka umubyeyi wese akwiye gufata umwana wese nkuwe ntabone umuturanyi we akoresha umukozi w’umwana ngo aceceke ahubwo akabimenyesha inzego z’ubuyobozi kugira ngo umwana akurwe muri iyo mirimo.
Yibutsa ababyeyi bakoresha abana akazi ko mu rugo ko bagomba kubanza kubabaza ibyangombwa nk’ikarita ndangamuntu igaragaza imyaka bafite kugira ngo batagwa mu ikosa ryo gukoresha abana imirimo ivunanye.
Iradukunda ati”Akenshi usanga abakoresha abana imirimo ivunanye, iyo babajijwe bavuga ko batari babizi ko abo bakoresha ari abana kuko babatse ibyangombwa ntibabibona. Ntabwo umuntu akwiye guha umuntu akazi atabanje kubona indangamuntu no kumenya aho yakoze mbere, rero niba adafite icyangombwa hari ubwo aba akiri umwana atenerewe gukora uwo murimo.”
Yongeraho ati “Ababyeyi cyangwa abatanga akazi bashishikarizwa kubyitaho, mbere yuko ufata umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu banza urebe ibyangombwa bye, banza umenye aho yakoze mbere muvugane , banza umenye imiryango ye ubanze umenye ayo makuru yose ahagije.”
Akomeza avuga ko Kandi itegeko rirengera abana rihari rirubahirizwa urihutaje nawe hari ibihano bimufatirwa. Ati ”Ubwo rero umubyeyi nafatirwa muri iryo kosa ntazavuga ngo nuko atabonye indangamuntu cyangwa se ngo yabonaga umwana yaravumbutse ntabwo inyoroshya cyaha izazamo ubwo n’ubundi icyaha uba wagikoze uhanwa n’amategeko.”
Iradukunda avuga ko intwaro eshatu zikomeye k’ubuzima bw’umwana zatuma agira icyo yimarira , icyo smarira umuryango we n’igihugu muri rusange , umusingi wa mbere ku mwana ni ukugana ishuri , kubona imirire, ndetse ubuzima bwe bukitabwaho.
Ati”Naho kuba umwana yakoreshwa imirimo ivunanye bigira ingaruka zikomeye nko kwanga ishuri burundu agatwarwa no gushaka amafaranga, kunywa ibiyobya bwenge, indwara y’agahinda gakabije, kuko usanga abenshi baryama bakerewe kubera gutinda muri ya mirimo yo murugo, umubiriwe urananirwa akagira ibikomere hakazamo no kugwingira.”
Inzego z’Abikorera mu kurwanya Imirimo ivunanye ikoreshwa abana
Nyuma yo kubona ko ikibazo cy’imirimo ivunanye ikoreshwa abana gikomeje kuba karanda, Leta y’u Rwanda ku bufatanye n’inzego z’abikorera n’abaterankunga batandukanye bafashe iya mbere mu kugihagurukira kuko uretse imirimo yo mu rugo ihabwa abana, hari n’abandi bakoreshwa mu bindi nk’ubuhinzi, inganda, ubwubatsi, n’ibindi.
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gushyirwa ahagaragara na Sendika y’Abakora mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro na kariyeri (REWU) bwagaragaje ahandi hantu henshi hakigaragara abana bakoreshwa imirimo ivunanyi.
Muri aho hantu harimo: Ubuhinzi bw’ibisheke n’umuceri, mu buhinzi bw’urutoki n’icyayi, mu gusarura imyaka nk’ibishyimbo, inanasi, ibirayi…kuragira amatungo nk’ingurube, inka cyangwa ihene, kujyana ibicuruzwa mu isoko, ubwubatsi nko kuvoma amazi yo kubaka, kubumba amatafari, ubucukuzi, gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo gusabiriza n’ibindi.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi REWU yakoreye mu turere twa Muhanga, Rwamagana, Gicumbi na Gakenke, byagaragaye ko 89% by’ abana babajijwe bemeje ko bigeze gukoreshwa imirimo ivunanye.
Nko mu karere ka Rwamagana byagaraye ko abana barageza igihe cyo gukora imirimo abangan ana 43% bakoreshwaga muri service naho 38% bagakoreshwa mu buhinzi. Muri gicumbi abana bangana na 48% bakoreshwaga mu nganda naho 36% bagakoreshwa mu buhinzi, ibi kandi bikaba byaragaye no mu karere ka Gakenke aho mu nganda hari 35% naho mu buhinzi hakaba 34%.
Mu karere ka Muhanga hagaragaye ikinyuranyo kuko mu mirimo ivunanye ikoreshwa abana muri bo 34% bari mu gukora mu nganda, 33% bari mu bya serivisi naho 33% bakaba mu buhinzi.
Nyuma yo kubona amakuru y’ibanze yagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi mu nzego zitandukanye, kuri ubu REWU ku bufatanye na World Vision nínzego za Leta batangiye ubukanguramba bugamije guca buruindu Imirimo ivunanye ikoreshwa abana ndetse n’Isambanywa ry’Abana kuko byose ari ibikorwa bya kinyamanswa bikorerwa umwana.
Icyo itegeko rivuga
Itegeko ry’umurimo ryo mu 2018 mu ngingo ya 5 ivuga ko Imyaka fatizo yo gutangira gukora akazi gutangira gukora akazi ari cumi n’itandatu (16).
Rikomeza risobanura ko Icyakora, umwana uri hagati y’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13) na cumi n’itanu (15) yemerewe gukora gusa imirimo yoroheje mu rwego rwo kwitoza umurimo.
Ibihano ku bakoresha
Ibiteganywa mu Itegeko no N° 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, umukoresha wo mu bigo byanditse uzakoresha umwana cyangwa uzagaragaraho uruhare urwo arirwo rwose rutuma umwana akoreshwa imirimo mibi azacibwa amande ari hagati y’ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000Frw) kugeza ku mafaranga miliyoni imwe y’u Rwanda (1,000,000 Frw).
Umukoresha mu bigo bitanditse uzakoresha umwana cyangwa uzagaragaraho uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose rutuma umwana akoreshwa imirimo mibi, by’umwihariko uzakoresha abana imirimo yo mu ngo hanze y’Umuryango azacibwa amande ari hagati y’ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw) kugeza ku mafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw).
Nanone kandi, umukoresha wese yaba uwo mu bigo byanditse cyangwa ibitanditse uzagaragaraho uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose rutuma umwana akoreshwa imirimo mibi, ashobora guhagarikirwa imirimo by’agateganyo mu gihe kiri hagati y iminsi irindwi (7) n’ukwezikumwe (1).
Ibihano ku Babyeyi
Umubyeyi wese uzakoresha umwana imirimo mibi cyangwa uzagaragaraho kutita ku nshingano ze bigatuma umwana we cyangwa uwo arera akoreshwa imirimo mibi azahanishwa kimwe mu bihano bikurikira:
Kwihanangirizwa mu ruhame mu nama y’umudugudu cyangwa ku muganda;
Gucibwa amande angana n’ibihumbi icumi (10,000 rwf) ku mubyeyi wese utita ku Inshingano ze zo kwita ku burere bw’umwana we cyangwa uwo arera bikamuviramo kuba inzererezi no gukoreshwa imirimo mibi;
Ay’amande azajya acibwa n’Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo ku rwego rw’Akarere cyangwa n’undi wese uri mu Rwego rw’Akarere rushinzwe gukumira no kurwanya imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana wabiherewe ububasha n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere; Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge; Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’ Akagali.
Amande yose yaciwe azajya yishyurwa kuri konti y’Akarere aho ikosa ryakorewe.
Yanditswe na Isabella Iradukunda Elisabeth
Mwakoze. none se sample ni nayo population? 421 batoranyijwe muri bangahe? Murakoze